The stress response is a natural, physical way to protect us from danger. It’s like an emergency brake that kicks in when we feel threatened. The stress response is also known as the “fight-or-flight” response because it evolved as a way to help us physically defend ourselves from predators or other threats.
When we encounter a threat, our body goes into “fight-or-flight” mode by releasing hormones that prepare us for action. These hormones include adrenaline and cortisol. Adrenaline increases our heart rate and blood pressure so we have more energy to fight or flee. Cortisol helps to further increase our heart rate and blood pressure, and it also suppresses functions that would be nonessential in a life-threatening situation, such as digestion and immunity.
Once the threat has passed, our body should return to its normal state. However, sometimes the stress response gets stuck in the “on” position and we remain in a state of high alert even when there is no real threat present. This can lead to health problems over time since chronic stress can take a toll on our bodies.
The alarm stage is when the central nervous system is awakened, causing your body’s defenses to assemble
When you are first exposed to a stressor, your body initiates the alarm stage of the stress response. This is also known as the fight-or-flight response. During this stage, your body prepares to deal with the threat or challenge by releasing hormones that increase your heart rate and blood pressure. Your muscles tense and you start to breathe more rapidly in order to supply more oxygen to your muscles. Blood flow is redirected away from nonessential systems, such as the digestive system, and towards the skeletal muscles so that you will be ready for action. Your senses become sharper and you may feel a surge of energy.
The alarm stage is a normal reaction that has evolved over time to help us deal with threatening situations. However, if we experience chronic or prolonged stress, it can take a toll on our physical and mental health. Prolonged exposure to stress hormones can lead to health problems such as high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity, diabetes, anxiety disorders, and depression. If you are constantly feeling stressed out, it is important to find ways to manage your stress in order to protect your health.
The resistance stage is when your body begins to repair itself and normalize heart rate, blood pressure, etc
When you first experience stress, your body is in the resistance stage. This is when your body’s fight-or-flight response kicks in and begins to repair itself. Your heart rate and blood pressure increase, and you may start to sweat. You may also feel more alert and have a heightened sense of awareness. Your body is preparing itself for action.
If the stressor persists, your body moves into the exhaustion stage. This is when your body’s resources are depleted and you can no longer maintain a high level of arousal. Your heart rate and blood pressure continue to rise, and you may start to feel fatigued. You may also experience difficulty concentrating or making decisions. If the stressor is not removed, this can lead to serious health problems such as heart disease or stroke.